1982年考研英语一真题及参考答案
1982年考研英语一真题及参考答案
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1982年考研英语一真题及参考答案
Section I Structure and Vocabulary（字数所限，部分省略，具体详询小乐老师，电话/微信：a18030089296）
In each question, decide which of the&n bsp;four choices given will complete the sentence if inserted at the&n bsp;place marked. Circle the letter before your choice. Only one choice is to be circled&n bsp;(12&n bsp;points)
EXAMPLE:
(1) The matter&n bsp;________ you were arguing about last night has been settled.
[A] what
[B] as
[C] whom
[D] that
ANSWER: [D]
(2) We must not rule&n bsp;________ the possibility of miscalculation.
[A] away
[B] off
[C] out
[D] up
ANSWER: [C]
1. You never told us why you were late for the last meeting, ________?
[A] weren’t you
[B] didn’t you
[C] had you
[D] did you
2. I have to get ________&n bsp;about the subject before I write the paper.
[A] a few more informations
[B] a little more information
[C] a few more information
[D] a little more informations
3. Only when you have acquired a good knowledge of grammar ________&n bsp;write correctly.
[A] you will
[B] you can
[C] can you
[D] can’t you
4. ________&n bsp;it is you’ve found, you must give it back to the person it belongs to.
[A] That
[B] Because
[C] Whatever
[D] However
5. Although ________&n bsp;happened in that developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.
[A] which
[B] what
[C] how
[D] it
Section II Verb Forms（字数所限，部分省略，具体详询小乐老师，电话/微信：a18030089296）
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of verbs given in brackets. (12&n bsp;points)
EXAMPLE:
(1) Will you call them up and tell them we'll start as soon as the rain&n bsp;________&n bsp;(st op)?
ANSWER: st ops
(2) ________&n bsp;(See) from the moon, our Earth looks like a big bright disk.
ANSWER: Seen
13. The author gave a detailed description&n bsp;________ (base)&n bsp;on his personal observation of nature.
14. The way he talks is simply intolerable I object to ________ (treat)&n bsp;like a child.
15. These students are quick at learning. We’ll have them ________ (train)&n bsp;in new methods.
Section III Error-detection（字数所限，此处省略，具体详询小乐老师，电话/微信：a18030089296）
Each question consists of a sentence with four underlined parts (words or phrases). These parts are labeled [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect, and circle the letter of your choice.&n bsp;If you find no mistakes in a sentence, circle the letter E for "No Error". Only one choice is to be circled.&n bsp;(10 points)
Section IV Cloze Test（字数所限，此处省略，具体详询小乐老师，电话/微信：a18030089296）
For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled&n bsp;A, B, C, and D. Choose the correct one and circle the letter before your choice. Only one choice is to be circled. (11 points)
EXAMPLE:
____1____&n bsp;the final scene I noticed him ____2____&n bsp;his eyes..
1. [A] During
[B] While
[C] As soon as
[D] No sooner than
2. [A] to wipe
[B] wiping
[C] to be wiped
[D] having wiped
ANSWER: 1. [A] 2. [B]
Section V Reading Comprehension
Each sentence or paragraph below is followed by four statements. One of the statements is a suggestion which can be drawn from the information given in the original sentence or paragraph. Read the sentences and paragraph carefully and circle your choice. Only one choice is to be circled. (10 points)
EXAMPLE:
Whether the study of the lunar rocks will answer the long debated question of the origin of the moon remains to be seen.
[A] The speaker wants to remain behind to see whether the study will throw light on the question.
[B] The speaker feels that the study will probably answer the question.
[C] The speaker is sure that the study will produce an answer to the question.
[D] The speaker is not sure whether the study will answer the question or not.
ANSWER: [D]
42. If this book begins with a familiar them — the Indian experience of the last 120 years — the author brings to it great power and deep understanding.
[A] This means that the book was written 120 years ago.
[B] This means that the Indian experience of the last 120 years is a familiar experience, and nothing new can be written about it.
[C] This means that the book lacks understanding of the Indian experience.
[D] This means that the writer of this sentence likes the book.
43. I disagreed then as now with many of John Smith’s judgments, but always respected him, and this book is a welcome reminder of his big, honest, friendly, stubborn personality.
[A] The writer of this sentence dislikes John Smith, but agrees with his ideas.
[B] The writer of this sentence considers John Smith to be a disagreeable person.
[C] The writer of this sentence disagrees with John Smith but respects him.
[D] The writer of this sentence disagreed with him then but agrees with him now.
44. Just before his tenth birthday John received a horse from his father; this was the first of a series of expensive gifts intended to create the impression of a loving parent.
[A] John received the horse because he was ten.
[B] John received the horse because his father loved him.
[C] John received the horse because his father wanted to seem loving.
[D] John received the horse because his father wouldn’t be able to give him expensive gifts in the future.
Translate the following sentences into English. (15 points)
47. 随着时间的过去，他将会懂得我所讲的话。
48. 听说那个地区的工厂比1970年增加了两倍。
49. 在这个季节保持蔬菜新鲜可不容易。
50. 只要我们继续努力工作，我们就能提前完成任务。
51. 尽管我们的政治和经济制度存在着巨大差异，我们两国在许多方面有着共同的利益。
Section VII English-Chinese Translation
Choose either of&n bsp;the following two passages and translate it into Chinese. (30&n bsp;points)
(1)
In country after country, talk of non-s mokers’&n bsp;right is in the air. While a majority of countries have taken little or no action yet, some 30 nations have introduced legislative steps to control s moking. Many laws have been introduced in other countries to help clear the air for nons mokers, or to cut cigarette consumption.
In some developed countries the consumption of cigarettes has become more or less stabilized. However, in many developing nations, cigarette s moking is seen as a sign of economic progress — and is even encouraged. As more tobacco companies&n bsp;go international, new markets are sought to gain new s mokers in those countries. For example, great efforts are made by the American tobacco industry to sell cigarettes in the Middle East and North Africa — where U.S. tobacco exports increased by more than 27 percent in 1974.
Smoking is harmful to the health of people. World governments should conduct serious campaigns against it. Restrictions on cigarette advertisements, plus health warnings on packages and bans on public s moking in certain places such as theatres, cinemas and restaurants, are the most popular tools used by nations in support of nons mokers or in curbing s moking. But world&n bsp;attention also is focusing on another step which will make the s moker increasingly self-conscious and uncomfortable about his habit. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit. And cigarette price should be boosted.
In the long run, there is no doub t that everybody would be much better-off if s moking were banned altogether, but people are not ready for such drastic action.
1982年考研英语一真题及参考答案
Section I:&n bsp;Structure and Vocabulary&n bsp;(12 points)
1.[D]2.[B]3.[C]4.[C]5.[B] 6.[A]7.[A]8.[C]9.[D]10.[C]&n bsp; 11.[A]12.[C]
Section II: Verb Forms (12 points)
13.based14.being treated&n bsp; 15.trained16.could have answered&n bsp; 17.saying; would return18.has been writing; has not finished&n bsp; &n bsp; 19.is pouring; must be waiting20.to find; had left
Section III: Error-detection&n bsp;(10 points)
21.[A] 22.[D]&n bsp; &n bsp; &n bsp;23.[E] 24.[C]&n bsp; &n bsp; &n bsp;25.[D] 26.[A]&n bsp; &n bsp; &n bsp;27.[C] 28.[A]&n bsp; &n bsp; &n bsp;29.[C] 30.[C]&n bsp;
Section IV: Cloze Test (11 points)
31.[B]32.[C]33.[A]34.[D]35.[C]&n bsp; &n bsp;36.[C]37.[A]38.[D]39.[A]40.[C]&n bsp; &n bsp; 41.[C]
Section V: Reading Comprehension (10 points)
42.[D]43.[C]44.[C]45.[A]46.[B]
Section VII:&n bsp;Chinese-English Translation (15 points)
56. As time goes on, he will understand what I said.
57. We have been told that there are now three times as many factories in that district as in 1970.
58. It is hard work keeping vegetables fresh in this season.
59. So long as we continue to work hard, we can finish the task ahead of schedule.
60. Despite the great differences between our political and economic systems, our two countries share a wide range of common interest.
Section VIII: English-Chinese Translation (30 points)
(1)
不吸烟者的权利问题，正在一个又一个国(guo)家里开始议论。至今多数国(guo)家很少或还没有采取措施，有三十个左右的国(guo)家已经采取法律程序控制吸烟。另一些国(guo)家则已制订旨在为不吸烟者净化空气或消减纸烟消费量的多种法律。
在某些发达国(guo)家中。纸烟的消费量已渐趋稳定。然而在许多发展中国(guo)家里，吸烟却被视为经济发展的一种标志——甚至受到鼓励。随着更多的烟草公司走上国际化的道路，它们在这些国(guo)家中寻找新的市场，争取更多的吸烟者。例如美国烟草工业就力图在中东和北非推销香烟——在这些地区，美国烟草出口量在1974年增加了百分之二十七以上。
吸烟对人民健康有害。世界各国政(zheng)府应该开展认真的反对吸烟运动。限制香烟广(guang)告，每包香烟上加印有害健康的警告，以及禁止在诸如影剧院和餐馆等某些公共场所吸烟，这些都是许多国(guo)家用以支持不吸烟者和控制吸烟zhui常用的办法。同时，人们也正把注意力集中在另一项措施上。这项措施将使吸烟者越来越意识到自己的不良习惯并为此感到不安。应该作出巨大努力告诉青年人抽烟的危害性，特别是养成抽烟习惯的可怕后果。而且香烟价格应予提高。
从长远观点看，毫无疑问，如果能完全禁止吸烟，那么每个人的境况将得到很大的改(gai)善。但对于采取这种极（ji）端措施，人们尚无准备。
(2)
核能对健康、安（an）全甚至对生命本身构成的危险可以用一个词来概括：辐射。
核辐射这种现象多少有点神秘，其部分原因是人类的官能无法觉察到它的存在。尽管我们周围可能都是辐射线，可是我们看不风它，听不到它， 摸不着它，也辨别不出它的味道。还有一些和它相类似的东西。例如，我们四周到处都是无线电波，但如果没有无线电接收器，我们就不能探测到或感觉到它的存在。同样，如果不用辐射探测器，我们也不能感觉到放射现象。但核辐射不同于普通的无线电波，它对人类以及其他生物不是无害的。
能级非常高的辐射线能摧毁重要器官里的大量细胞从而把动物或人立即杀死。即使是zhui低能级的辐射线也能造成严重的损害。不存在任何绝(jue)对安（an）全的辐射能级。如果辐射线没有击中任何重要的东西，造成的损害可能不太大。当辐射线只击中少数细胞并且立即摧毁它们的时候，情况就是这样。你的身体能以健康的细胞代替死亡的细胞。但如果这些少数的细胞只受到损坏，而这些细胞又自行繁殖，那你就会遇到麻烦。它们进行畸形繁殖。它们有可能演变成癌，这种情况有时在许多年之后才能显示出来。
这是核辐射现象带有某些神秘色彩的另一个原因。它可能在损害已经发生而受害者意识不到的情况下造成严重损害。一个人在受到照射时可能感觉良好，结果在五年、十年或二十年后死于癌症。或者小孩一生下来就体弱或易于感染严重的疾（ji）病，原因是他的祖父母曾吸收过辐射线。
辐射线能伤害我们。我们应该知道真相。
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